培迪 的痞客邦部落格

<p align="center"><embed style="width: 556px; height: 387px;" height="387" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="556" src="http://www.youtube.com/v/pHLPWSBgzow?hl=zh_TW&amp;version=3&amp;rel=0" allowfullscreen="true" allowscriptaccess="never"><p align="center">&nbsp;<p align="center"><font size="3" face="新細明體">

</font><u><span style="color: rgb(192, 0, 0); letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 華康中圓體; font-size: 16pt;">自我檢視腎臟的祕訣 </span></u><p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><u><span style="color: rgb(192, 0, 0); letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 華康中圓體; font-size: 16pt;"></span></u>&nbsp;</p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><u><span style="color: rgb(192, 0, 0); letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 華康中圓體; font-size: 16pt;"></span></u><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">腎臟位於後腹腔腰椎兩側，形狀像蠶豆，成年人</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">腎臟的重量約一百五十公克，其功能包括：</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;"></span>&nbsp;</p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;"></span><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">《廢物的排泄》人體吃進身體內的蛋白質（雞蛋、</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">牛奶、肉類等）分解代謝所產生的廢物，如肌酸</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">酐、尿酸、磷酸鹽等均需由腎臟排泄。</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;"></span>&nbsp;</p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;"></span><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">《重要物質保存》如葡萄糖、胺基酸、重碳酸鹽、</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">蛋白質等，此乃正常人體所需之要素，腎臟負責</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">將它們重新吸收回人體，不讓其流失。</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;"></span>&nbsp;</p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;"></span><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">《水分和電解質的平衡》人體主要的電解質，如納</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">、鉀、氯的數量要保持恆定，腎臟就扮演著選擇</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">性吸收或排泄的功能，身體水分不足時腎臟就盡</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">可能留住水分不排尿；當水分過多時，腎臟就藉</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">由尿液排出體外以維持正常的水分。</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;"></span>&nbsp;</p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;"></span><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">《荷爾蒙的產生及血壓的調節》若腎臟功能衰竭</span><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">而</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">紅血球生成素產生減少，就會導致貧血，另外腎</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;"></span><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">臟</span><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">還可以分泌腎素來調整血壓的高低，</span><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">當</span><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">血</span><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">壓過</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">低</span><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">時，腎素就會分泌出來，進而活化血</span><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">管</span><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">收</span><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">縮素</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">以維持正常的血壓。</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;"></span>&nbsp;</p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;"></span><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">《酸鹼平衡》人體正常血液的酸鹼值<span lang="EN-US">PH</span>：<span lang="EN-US">7.4</span>，當</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">血液酸度升高時（酸中毒），重碳酸鹽離子就經</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">由腎臟重吸收，氫離子（酸性離子）排泄會增加</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">，以維持正常人體的酸鹼值。</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;"></span>&nbsp;</p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;"></span><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">台東基督教醫院內科醫師
馬堅毅指出在初期腎功</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">能喪失不多時，病患本身不會有任何不適，甚至</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">抽血檢驗腎功能（肌酸酐）也不見得有異常，因</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">此早期發現腎臟的疾病可藉由尿液檢查。</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;"></span>&nbsp;</p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;"></span><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">如果小便有泡沫且久久不能散去，尿液常規證實</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">有蛋白尿時即可診斷腎臟疾病，除了蛋白尿外，</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">常見腎臟疾病的症狀有：</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;"></span>&nbsp;</p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;"></span><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">《水腫》以下肢、眼瞼水腫為主，甚至全身浮腫</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">也有可能，體重在短時間內急遽增加，小便量可</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">能會減少。</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;"></span>&nbsp;</p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;"></span><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">《高血壓》百分之三十的早期腎功能衰竭的病人有</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">高血壓的症狀，所以高血壓的病人一定要檢查腎</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">功能及蛋白尿以排除腎性高血壓。</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;"></span>&nbsp;</p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;"></span><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">《貧血》腎功能衰退至正常的三分之一時，輕度貧</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">血就會出現，若衰退至正常的四分之一時，嚴重</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">貧血即可導致食慾不振、疲倦、無力等症狀。</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;"></span>&nbsp;</p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;"></span><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">《疲倦》大多數疲倦的病人都以為是肝臟機能不佳</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">而求診肝膽腸胃科，經過肝臟超音波、胃鏡、大</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">腸</span><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">鏡、抽血檢驗肝指數均正常，最後才診斷是</span><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">慢</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">性</span><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">腎</span><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">衰竭、貧血而轉診至腎臟內科醫師。</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;"></span>&nbsp;</p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;"></span><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">總之慢性腎衰竭的症狀千奇百怪，但民眾可以記</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">住一口訣：泡（蛋白尿）、水（水腫）、高（高</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">血壓）、屏（貧血）、見（倦，疲倦），亦即「</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">泡水高屏見」，就可以掌握腎臟是否出了問題，</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.6pt; font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">以期盡早診斷和治療。</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;" lang="EN-US"></span></p>
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